Liriodendron Project March 2008

Liriodendron Project, March 2008

On Feb 24, 2:10 pm, neil <mocker...@gmail.com> wrote:

Bob et al.,
Cataloging ENTS-related project is a great idea.
Last spring we had a good discussion regarding Liriodendron blooming
[see an example below]. It got me thinking, I wonder if members of ENTS
could find their favorite and easily accessible Liriodendron tulipifera,
note its location [city, suburb, forest, etc...] and when it first
blooms. If we commit to this each year, we could eventually build a nice
data set of flower phenology of Liriodendro across its range. There is
already a nice phenological network of lilac
[http://www.uwm.edu/Dept/Geography/npn/]. It'd be great to make a
collection of phenology from a native species, a species many people
love, ID easily and admire.
Anyone interested?
neil

Larry
Feb 25, 9:34 am

From: Larry <tuce...@msn.com>
Date: Mon, 25 Feb 2008 05:34:57 -0800 (PST)
Local: Mon, Feb 25 2008 9:34 am
Subject: Re: ENTS-related projects

Neil, Count me in! I went walking a small nature trail in Ocean
Springs Sat., I saw trees with leaves growing in the upper limbs. I'll
keep an eye out for the flowers. Larry

From: James Parton
Date: Sun, 24 Feb 2008

Subject: Re: ENTS-related projects

This sounds like a good idea to me. I will keep mind of it come
spring.

JP

Liriodendron tulipifera is one of the species that is being monitored
as part of Project Budburst (www.budburst.org) - so you could
combine the ENTS observations with lots of other ones in their
database...

The 2008 monitoring started on February 15th for North America. I am
monitoring some Douglas-fir and bigleaf maples here on the west coast
as a project with some high school students.

Robyn Darbyshire 02-25-08

Attached Message From:Megan Varnes

Liriodendron Bloom Schedule

> According to "The Hive and the Honey Bee" (which is a
> fabulous book if you want to know -absolutely
> everything- about honey bees) bee foraging on
> Liriodendron occurs mainly between April through June
> for the following states: MO, IL, MI, IN, PA, OH, KY,
> TN, MS, AL, GA, NJ, MD, WV, VA, NC, DE and SC. And
> slightly later, late May to early June for CT.

> Though mostly considered by bees (and researchers) to
> be a secondary source of nectar in most of the states
> mentioned, they can be a primary summer nectar sorce
> in Connecticut. Even so, they are considered very
> important nectar producers in most of these states.
> Probably in part because individual flowers have been
> known to produce up to 9 grams of nectar! One flower!

> So, I suppose the alternate method for getting more
> exact bloom dates for Liriodendron would be to put
> away the binoculars and watch for honey bees instead!
> If there are flowers, they'll find them before we will
> for sure. I guess you could say......bee attentive
> this spring?
>
> -Meg

From: Beth Koebel
Date: Mon, 25 Feb 2008 10:27:57 -0800 (PST)

Neil,

I would be glad to send someone the info on the tulip
tree(s) here and around St. Louis.

Beth

"Information is moving--you know, nightly news is one way, of course, but it's also moving through the blogosphere and through the Internets."
Washington DC, May 2, 2007 George W. Bush

From: neil
Date: Mon, 25 Feb 2008 17:17:13 -0500

Subject: Re: [ENTS] Re: ENTS-related projects

that would be really awesome, Beth - that would be near a western range
limit for that far north, huh?

neil

From: Beth Koebel
Date: Mon, 25 Feb 2008

Neil,

Looking at the Silvics Manual St. Louis does appear to
the northwestern corner for tulip trees.

Beth

From: dbhg...@comcast.net
Date: Tue, 26 Feb 2008

Neil,

The practical NE range limit is about 7 miles north of here. There is an outlier colony near Keene, NH, but their pretty sickly specimens according to Gary Beluzo.

Bob

From: Robyn Darbyshire
Date: Mon, 25 Feb 2008

Subject: Liriodendron phenology/Project Budburst

Liriodendron tulipifera is one of the species that is being monitored
as part of Project Budburst (www.budburst.org) - so you could
combine the ENTS observations with lots of other ones in their
database...

The 2008 monitoring started on February 15th for North America. I am
monitoring some Douglas-fir and bigleaf maples here on the west coast
as a project with some high school students.

From: neil
Date: Mon, 25 Feb 2008 2

Subject: Re: [ENTS] Liriodendron phenology/Project Budburst

Looks like there was no collection of Liriodendron in 2007, the
inaugural year. ENTS locations and participation will greatly expand
Project Budburst - thanks Robyn!

neil

From: Beth Koebel
Date: Mon, 25 Feb 2008

Subject: Re: [ENTS] Re: Liriodendron phenology/Project Budburst

Neil,

Don't forget that last year there was that strange
month long hard freeze after the trees were just
starting to come out. I know that was the reason why
there where no flowers on the tulip trees in St.
Louis.

Beth

From: neil
Date: Tue, 26 Feb 2008

Subject: Re: [ENTS] Re: Liriodendron phenology/Project Budburst

Beth,

That will be one of values of ENTS observations - we got some
Liriodendron flowers last yr in KY despite the early warming and then
devastating frost. Hopefully it'll be another 170 yrs until an event
like that - when that event unfolded, a paper with Dave Stahle on it
describes a very similar event in the eastern US in the late-1820s.

neil

From: "Gary A. Beluzo"

Local: Tues, Feb 26 2008 10:48 am
Subject: Re: [ENTS] Re: Liriodendron phenology/Project Budburst

Neil,

I have been researching the distribution of Liriodendron tulipifera
(the three subspecies) for the past year. I have good distribution
maps for the NE extent of distribution. I am very interested in the
phenology so count me in...

Gary
Gary A. Beluzo
Professor of Environmental Science
Division of Science, Engineering, and Mathematics
Holyoke Community College
303 Homestead Avenue
Holyoke, MA 01040

From: "Neil Pederson"
Date: Tue, 26 Feb 2008

Subject: Re: [ENTS] Re: Liriodendron phenology/Project Budburst

Great Gary! it was your emails from last yr that got me thinking about
this.

neil

From: "Gary A. Beluzo"

Local: Wed, Feb 27 2008 9:28 am
Subject: Re: [ENTS] Re: Liriodendron phenology/Project Budburst

Do we want to have a central repository (ENTS site?) for the data? If
Ed can tell us what format he would like to use we can submit directly
to him and he could integrate it. Otherwise, I would be wiling to put
together submissions by our ENTS fellows.

Gary

Gary A. Beluzo
Professor of Environmental Science
Division of Science, Engineering, and Mathematics
Holyoke Community College
303 Homestead Avenue
Holyoke, MA 01040

From: <paulj...@tds.net>
Date: Wed, 27 Feb 2008

Subject: Re: [ENTS] Re: Liriodendron phenology/Project Budburst

For this, you should note the setting, either urban or wild, since interstate nursery stock could burst differently from native stock.

PJ

From: "Edward Frank"
Date: Wed, 27 Feb 2008 12:30:35 -0500

Subject: Re: [ENTS] Liriodendron phenology/Project Budburst

ENTS,

For those who did not follow Robyn's link, Project Bubburst is an interesting project. It is set up for both individuals and for school groups to participate in the effort. http://www.windows.ucar.edu/citizen_science/budburst/index.html

Project BudBurst is a national field campaign for citizen scientists designed to engage the public in the collection of important climate change data based on the timing of leafing and flowering of trees and flowers. BudBurst participants take careful observations of the phenological events such as the first bud burst, first leafing, first flower, and seed or fruit dispersal of a diversity of tree and flower species, including weeds and ornamentals. The citizen science observations and records are reported into the BudBurst data base.

Thousands of citizen scientists participated in the inaugural pilot test of Project BudBurst in 2007 and as a result useful data was collected in a consistent way across the country. Scientists can use this data to learn about the responses of individual plant species to climatic variation locally, regionally, and nationally, and to detect longer-term impacts of climate change by comparing with historical data. The enthusiastic response and robust participation in the 2007 pilot effort made it clear that there was sufficient interest from the American public to expand Project BudBurst in 2008!

Helpful downloads for teachers:

Activity Guide* - This guide details out the six steps for completing a Project BudBurst phenological investigation.
K-6 Facilitator Guide* - This guide provides complete instructions on engaging your K-6 students in the Project BudBurst activity.
K-12 Teacher Guide* - This guide gives complete instructions for incorporating Project BudBurst into your classroom. It is separated by grades K-2, 3-6, and 7-12. There are three activities for each grade band; 1) Connecting Plants and Climate; 2) Plant Observation and Data Collection; and 3) Plant Phenology and Climate Change.
Student Data Collection Sheet* - Print this sheet off for each of your students.
Draft Teacher's Guide* - This guide includes the AAAS Benchmarks for Science Literacy addressed in Project BudBurst, tips for success, and extension ideas after your students make their phenology observations.
Subscribe to the Project BudBurst mailing list to receive updates, announcements and results of this campaign!

With respect to Tulpifera liriodendron, there actually was one observation in 2007 from Huron, Ohio. For people collecting data as part of Gary's Liriodendron project, this site points out a point that needs to be made. How do you define when the first leaf of first flower id open as part of the data set? This is how the budburst website defines the Phenology:

Budburst/First Leaf: Report the date at which the first leaves are completely unfolded from the bud. For trees or large shrubs you will want to make sure there are at least three places on the tree or shrub where budburst has occurred. The leaves need to be opened completely and the leaf stem or leaf base must be visible (you might need to bend the new leaf backwards in order to see those). For conifers record when the new needles have expanded beyond the length of the bud scales.

First Flower: Report the date at which the first flowers are completely open. You must be able to see the stamens among the unfolded petals. For herbs (non-woody plants), look for the date when the first flowers of one patch are blooming. For trees or large shrubs you will want to make sure there are blooms on at least three places on the tree or shrub. In case of Hazel, Alder or Pine trees (or other conifers), look for the date when they start releasing the powdery, yellow pollen from their cones or catkins (cone-like flower clusters).

Gary, how are you defining the date of flowering in this project?

== 1 of 1 ==
Date: Fri, Mar 7 2008 7:30 pm
From: "symplastless"

Gary

I will start a new post and post results from four test. If we could get funding for optimum fertility levels, rather than fertilizing trees like they are corn (Penn State wanted nothing to do with research. Cornell helped me a little but they wanted $$$$$ from me)

Sincerely,
John A. Keslick, Jr.
Consulting Tree Expert
http://home.ccil.org/~treeman
and www.treedictionary.com
Beware of so-called tree experts who do not understand tree biology.
Storms, fires, floods, earthquakes, and volcanic eruptions keep reminding us that we are not the boss.

==============================================================================
TOPIC: Liriodendron phenology 1 of 4 / Limited old growth soil samples
http://groups.google.com/group/entstrees/browse_thread/thread/f38028d9643c185b?hl=en
==============================================================================

== 1 of 4 ==
Date: Fri, Mar 7 2008 7:32 pm
From: "symplastless"

Tulip Poplar soil test results. I took samples from 4 locations. I will list them one at a time. I took soil samples from estimated 10-15 spots per location. I used a teaspoon to take samples from within the upper four inches of soil where I found the non-woody roots (About the rhizoplane). Due to lack of funding for optimum fertility level for trees, this is all I have for tulip poplar. I would be interested in working on this type of research if we had funding and Cornell would help with element testing.

- - - - - - - -

Location: Spring Mill State Park - Donaldsons Woods Nature Preserve Virgin Timber - Indiana

Acct#:1811

Section#:IN-WO-6

Date recorded: 10/12/1997

Some of the Trees in areas: White oak, shag bark hickory, mature tulip poplars ands dog wood, Cornus florida, there was chestnut and chinkopin (sic) oak in the preserve.

Notes1:

Notes2:

- - - - - - - - - - -

pH: 6.75

- - - - - - - - -

(Pounds Per Acre PPA) Available

Phosphorus (P): 5.3

Potassium (K): 291

Magnesium (Mg): 261

Calcium (Ca): 4522

Aluminum (AL): 1156.1

Iron (Fe): 0.6

Manganese (Mn): 73.4

Zinc (Zn): 2.61

Nitrate (NO3-N): 35.47

Boron (B) Avai.:

Copper (CU)-1: 6.6

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Organ.Matter(%):12.59

(organic matter):

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

(ME/100g)

Ex Acidity:

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

(mmho/cm)

Salts mmho:

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

(K x 100000)

Salts:

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

CALS ANALYTICAL LABORAORY REPORT

Field Number: 16712

Date:

Moisture Content %

Moisture:

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Water Soluble mg/kg

Boron (B):

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Acid Soluble (mg/Kg)

Cadmium (Cd): 0.84

Copper (Cu): 20.85

Nickel (Ni): 12.5

Manganese(Mn): 2173.82

Cobalt (Co): 10.87

Zinc (Zn): 43.81

Lead (Pb): 32.94

Chromium (Cr): 4.94

Phosphorus P: 796.68

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

CARBON : NITROGEN

C:N Field #:

C:N Date:

Moistur Cntent%:2.849

Total N %: 0.62

Total C %: 6.8

C:N Ratio: 11 : 1

Sincerely,
John A. Keslick, Jr.
Consulting Tree Expert
http://home.ccil.org/~treeman
and www.treedictionary.com
Beware of so-called tree experts who do not understand tree biology.
Storms, fires, floods, earthquakes, and volcanic eruptions keep reminding us that we are not the boss.

== 2 of 4 ==
Date: Fri, Mar 7 2008 7:33 pm
From: "symplastless"

Tulip Poplar soil test results. I took samples from 4 locations. I will list them one at a time. I took soil samples from estimated 10-15 spots per location. I used a teaspoon to take samples from within the upper four inches of soil where I found the non-woody roots(About the rhizoplane). Due to lack of funding for optimum fertility level for trees, this is all I have for tulip poplar. I would be interested in working on this type of research if we had funding and Cornell would help with element testing.

- - - - - - - -

Location: Spring Mill State Park - Donaldsons Woods Nature Preserve Virgin Timber - Indiana

Acct#: 1811

Section#: IN-WO-7

Date recorded: 10/12/1997

Some of the Trees in areas: White oak, shag bark hickory, tulip poplar, understory beech, sugar maples understory, some dog woods - cornus florida averg. 1" dbh just a few producing seeds.

Notes1:

Notes2:

- - - - - - - - - - -

pH: 6.55

- - - - - - - - -

(Pounds Per Acre PPA) Available

Phosphorus (P): 7.8

Potassium (K): 198

Magnesium (Mg): 247.3

Calcium (Ca): 4605

Aluminum (AL): 929.7

Iron (Fe): 0.6

Manganese (Mn): 58.9

Zinc (Zn): 1.67

Nitrate (NO3-N): 26.26

Boron (B) Avai.:

Copper (CU)-1: 6.2

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Organ.Matter(%):12.55

(organic matter):

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

(ME/100g)

Ex Acidity:

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

(mmho/cm)

Salts mmho:

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

(K x 100000)

Salts:

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

CALS ANALYTICAL LABORAORY REPORT

Field Number: 16712

Date:

Moisture Content %

Moisture:

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Water Soluble mg/kg

Boron (B):

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Acid Soluble (mg/Kg)

Cadmium (Cd): 1.15

Copper (Cu): 26.54

Nickel (Ni): 8.79

Manganese(Mn): 1112.72

Cobalt (Co): 10.84

Zinc (Zn): 31.89

Lead (Pb): 33.49

Chromium (Cr): 2.84

Phosphorus P: 568.05

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

CARBON : NITROGEN

C:N Field #:

C:N Date:

Moistur Cntent%: 2.995

Total N %: 0.6

Total C %: 8.24

C:N Ratio: 14 : 1

== 3 of 4 ==
Date: Fri, Mar 7 2008 7:33 pm
From: "symplastless"

Tulip Poplar soil test results. I took samples from 4 locations. I will list them one at a time. I took soil samples from estimated 10-15 spots per location. I used a teaspoon to take samples from within the upper four inches of soil where I found the non-woody roots(About the rhizoplane). Due to lack of funding for optimum fertility level for trees, this is all I have for tulip poplar. I would be interested in working on this type of research if we had funding and Cornell would help with element testing.

- - - - - - - -

Location: Joyce Kilmore Wilderness Trails - Nantahala National Forest - Virgin Old Growth w/traffic - North Carolina

Acct#: 1816

Section#: 1

Date recorded: 11/13/1997

Some of the Trees in areas: Cucumber Magnolia, acuminata; Tulip Poplars - Yellow Poplars 4-5' dbh.; understory maple coming up; ferns; rock, some understory hemlock..

Notes1:

Notes2:

- - - - - - - - - - -

pH: 4.9

- - - - - - - - -

(Pounds Per Acre PPA) Available

Phosphorus (P): 2.1

Potassium (K): 244

Magnesium (Mg): 196.5

Calcium (Ca): 1936

Aluminum (AL): 276.1

Iron (Fe): 15.7

Manganese (Mn): 96.6

Zinc (Zn): 4.78

Nitrate (NO3-N): 50.46

Boron (B) Avai.:

Copper (CU)-1: 3.1

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Organ.Matter(%):25.56

(organic matter):

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

(ME/100g)

Ex Acidity: 38.18

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

(mmho/cm)

Salts mmho:

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

(K x 100000)

Salts:

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

CALS ANALYTICAL LABORAORY REPORT

Field Number:

Date:

Moisture Content %

Moisture: 3.616

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Water Soluble mg/kg

Boron (B):

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Acid Soluble (mg/Kg)

Cadmium (Cd):

Copper (Cu):

Nickel (Ni):

Manganese(Mn):

Cobalt (Co):

Zinc (Zn):

Lead (Pb):

Chromium (Cr):

Phosphorus P:

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

CARBON : NITROGEN

C:N Field #:

C:N Date:

Moistur Cntent%:

Total N %: 1.03

Total C %:

C:N Ratio:

Sincerely,
John A. Keslick, Jr.
Consulting Tree Expert
http://home.ccil.org/~treeman
and www.treedictionary.com
Beware of so-called tree experts who do not understand tree biology.
Storms, fires, floods, earthquakes, and volcanic eruptions keep reminding us that we are not the boss.

== 4 of 4 ==
Date: Fri, Mar 7 2008 7:34 pm
From: "symplastless"

Tulip Poplar soil test results. I took samples from 4 locations. I will list them one at a time. I took soil samples from estimated 10-15 spots per location. I used a teaspoon to take samples from within the upper four inches of soil where I found the non-woody roots(About the rhizoplane). Due to lack of funding for optimum fertility level for trees, this is all I have for tulip poplar. I would be interested in working on this type of research if we had funding and Cornell would help with element testing.

- - - - - - - -

Location: Joyce Kilmore Wilderness Trails - Nantahala National Forest - Virgin Old Growth w/traffic - North Carolina

Acct#: 1816

Section#: 2

Date recorded: 11/13/1997

Some of the Trees in areas: Tulip Poplars - Yellow Poplars 4-5' dbh.; understory maple, 1 beech, small hemlocks in understory.

Notes1:

Notes2:

- - - - - - - - - - -

pH: 5.47

- - - - - - - - -

(Pounds Per Acre PPA) Available

Phosphorus (P): 1.7

Potassium (K): 369

Magnesium (Mg): 355

Calcium (Ca): 3188

Aluminum (AL): 3188

Iron (Fe): 4.4

Manganese (Mn): 76.7

Zinc (Zn): 3.17

Nitrate (NO3-N): 40.61

Boron (B) Avai.:

Copper (CU)-1: 5.2

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Organ.Matter(%):29.12

(organic matter):

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

(ME/100g)

Ex Acidity: 43.21

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

(mmho/cm)

Salts mmho:

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

(K x 100000)

Salts:

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

CALS ANALYTICAL LABORAORY REPORT

Field Number:

Date:

Moisture Content %

Moisture: 4.104

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Water Soluble mg/kg

Boron (B):

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Acid Soluble (mg/Kg)

Cadmium (Cd):

Copper (Cu):

Nickel (Ni):

Manganese(Mn):

Cobalt (Co):

Zinc (Zn):

Lead (Pb):

Chromium (Cr):

Phosphorus P:

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

CARBON : NITROGEN

C:N Field #:

C:N Date:

Moistur Cntent%:

Total N %: 1.13

Total C %:

C:N Ratio:

Sincerely,
John A. Keslick, Jr.
Consulting Tree Expert
http://home.ccil.org/~treeman
and www.treedictionary.com
Beware of so-called tree experts who do not understand tree biology.
Storms, fires, floods, earthquakes, and volcanic eruptions keep reminding us that we are not the boss.

==============================================================================
TOPIC: Liriodendron Project
http://groups.google.com/group/entstrees/browse_thread/thread/259e3677e4063a7a?hl=en
==============================================================================

== 1 of 4 ==
Date: Mon, Mar 10 2008 10:57 am
From: Larry

Gary,ENTS,
On my recent trip to Atlanta Motor Speedway. I saw numerous Tulip
trees budding and leafing. The most northern tree I noticed with leaf
material was Montgomery. Just barely showing leaves Gary. Lots of
other species budding and leafing. Coastal Ala., Ms., having the
most, and Atlanta area the least. I noticed along Hwy 85 & Hwy 65 some
places had little growth, 10 miles down the road it was everywhere.
Then 10 more miles and no growth! Some bottoms must be warmer than
others in the same region causing the delay effect!? Anyway just
thought you might need to know. Larry

== 2 of 4 ==
Date: Mon, Mar 10 2008 4:31 pm
From: Larry

Gary, I just drove about a half mile from my girlfriends place
where there are some Tulip trees. They all have leaves out (about 50%
open). I'll be able to keep an eye out for first flower on these for
sure. Bud swell must have been a week or so ago. Sorry I didn't get
that exact date. I'll get some photos when they flower. These are
young trees around 30 to 50 years, I'm basing that on a tree on my old
property that blew down and I ring counted. Larry

== 3 of 4 ==
Date: Mon, Mar 10 2008 7:46 pm
From: "Gary A. Beluzo"

Larry,

Thank you very much. The variable budding/leafing times locally is
interesting and most have to do with sun exposure, air temperature,
maybe moisture?
I noticed last year that on May 1 there were tuliptrees leafing out in
warmer areas of Robinson State Park, there was a good correlation
between aspect and leaf out time.

Gary

Gary A. Beluzo
Professor of Environmental Science
Division of Science, Engineering, and Mathematics
Holyoke Community College
303 Homestead Avenue
Holyoke, MA 01040

== 4 of 4 ==
Date: Mon, Mar 10 2008 8:04 pm
From: "Gary A. Beluzo"

Larry,

In Massachusetts last year the Liriodendron flowered almost to the
month after they leafed out.

First Leaf Out- May 02, 2007
First Flower- June 01, 2007

Thanks for being willing to observe the Liriodendron in your area.
Now if we can just get some folks in FLA, GA, and up the coast...

Gary

Gary A. Beluzo
Professor of Environmental Science
Division of Science, Engineering, and Mathematics
Holyoke Community College
303 Homestead Avenue
Holyoke, MA 01040

==============================================================================
TOPIC: Liriodendron Project
http://groups.google.com/group/entstrees/browse_thread/thread/259e3677e4063a7a?hl=en
==============================================================================

== 1 of 14 ==
Date: Tues, Mar 11 2008 6:25 am
From: Will Fell

Same story here in Coastal Georgia, the yellow poplars, red maples,
cypress etc are leafing out. The deciduous oaks are dropping tassels
now and the dogwoods and azaleas are in bloom. The hardwood swamps are
in their glory, now bathed in soft greens accented with the oaks
golden tassels. February was, it seemed to me, warmer than usual here.
We only had two days the whole month that failed to reach 70 degrees
and they were in the sixties. We topped out at 86 degrees during the
first week of Feb. I think that is what pushed the blooming of the
dogwoods up a couple of weeks. Normally Atlanta which is over 1000
foot in elevation is three to four weeks behind the coast. The big
cold front Saturday brought snow showers to Atlanta while it stayed in
the 50's here in SE GA.

== 2 of 14 ==
Date: Tues, Mar 11 2008 6:37 am
From: Larry

Will, I've only been to Georgia a couple of times. Wow do you
guys have some nice Hardwoods! Those pines at Stockbridge where large,
80 footers+. Shortleaf I think, next time I'll spend more time there!
We saw dogwoods blooming all way up to stockbridge, nice community!
Awesome race! Larry

== 3 of 14 ==
Date: Tues, Mar 11 2008 6:39 am
From: "Gary A. Beluzo"

Thanks Will!

Gary
Gary A. Beluzo
Professor of Environmental Science
Division of Science, Engineering, and Mathematics
Holyoke Community College
303 Homestead Avenue
Holyoke, MA 01040

== 4 of 14 ==
Date: Tues, Mar 11 2008 6:51 am
From: dbhguru@comcast.net

Will,

Here in Florence, MA at Monica's house the temperature is currently 23. It dropped to around 19 last night. There's still lots of snow on the ground. Overall, February was slightly colder than normal and March is turning out to be the same. January is our coldest month with the average temperature of 22 degrees. February's average temp is 24.5 degrees. I'm ready for spring!

Bob

== 5 of 14 ==
Date: Tues, Mar 11 2008 6:56 am
From: James Parton

Bob,

I don't envy you northern folk.

JP.

== 6 of 14 ==
Date: Tues, Mar 11 2008 9:04 am
From: Elisa Campbell

ah, you don't know what you're missing. Snow is *wonderful* - beautiful,
animal prints easily visible. The problem with winter in the south (I
grew up in northern Virginia) is it's mostly grey and brown. Add some
white! Unfortunately, with global warming our winters in Massachusetts
are more and more resembling the southern ones .. I'm fantasizing moving
north.
Elisa

== 7 of 14 ==
Date: Tues, Mar 11 2008 9:09 am
From: DON BERTOLETTE

Bob-
In what I suspect is an unexpected contrast, we were up in Fairbanks last week, with record warm temperatures ranging between 40 and 50 degrees...it would be more 'normal' for those temps to have had a minus in front of them.
Last week Fairbanks held the International Ice Art Competition...ice carvers were not happy...also occuring during this time was the Iditarod, which last year had record scratches due to the -30 to -40 degrees Fahrenheit temperatures.
Climate change?
Check out following link, which details the draining of what locals called Iceberg Lake, after more than 1500 years of a detailed history of no such drainage...
http://www.adn.com/life/alaskana/story/339695.html
How are the dogs doing? Check out www.iditarod.com to follow the most closely contested race yet between Mackey and King!
-Don

== 8 of 14 ==
Date: Tues, Mar 11 2008 9:27 am
From: James Parton

Elisa,

You do have a point. Snow is a normal and yes, beautiful part of
winter. We down south do not have as much of it as we used to. Winters
are growing warmer.

James P.

== 9 of 14 ==
Date: Tues, Mar 11 2008 10:57 am
From: "Lee E. Frelich"

Bob:

For the last three weeks, they have been telling us that below zero weather
would come to an end within a day or two. I think they figured if they kept
issuing that forecast, it would eventually be correct. Last Friday it was
-12 to -16 in the Twin Cities area and -30 in northern MN, and temperatures
have crept upwards a few degrees each day. Today, their forecast finally
came true, and it will hit the mid 40s (above zero) this afternoon for the
first time since November. This means ice-covered sidewalks tomorrow
morning (and probably for the next week) as the melting snow refreezes
overnight. Emergency rooms are getting ready for the onslaught of people
with broken ankles and wrists that signals early spring in MN.

There is a tulip tree in Minneapolis, and at this point it has not taken
any action.

Lee

== 10 of 14 ==
Date: Tues, Mar 11 2008 11:47 am
From: "Gary A. Beluzo"

Lee,

That tulip poplar in Minneapolis would actually be an interesting data
point!

Gary

Gary A. Beluzo
Professor of Environmental Science
Division of Science, Engineering, and Mathematics
Holyoke Community College
303 Homestead Avenue
Holyoke, MA 01040

== 11 of 14 ==
Date: Tues, Mar 11 2008 1:21 pm
From: dbhguru@comcast.net

Don,

Interestingly I was listening to CSPAN this morning when a caller from somewhere in Georgia, while in the middle of discussing another topic, suddenly said to the guest ob CSPAN something to the effect, "and I bet you believe in global warming". Few subjects seems to reveal the contrast in belief systems like the topic of global warming. I wonder if any sociologist has developed profiles of believers versus doubters? We would expect that employees of the oil companies to be doubters. Those ho are not probably hide their opinions from their fellow employees. Basically, people who see the actions that society might take to curb global warming as harmful to them economically choose to be doubters. But there are other types who are doubters. Any thoughts on the subject?

Bob

== 12 of 14 ==
Date: Tues, Mar 11 2008 1:29 pm
From: dbhguru@comcast.net

Lee,

It is just fine by me if you can keep those subzero temperatures locked up in Minnesota, North Dakota, UP of Michigan, etc. for the remainder of the winter and early spring. I'm ready for things to bloom.
On temperature projections, our forecasters have been too optimistic and have predicted higher temperature up to about 24 hours before and then suddenly their predicted temperatures drop. With all the computer models to rely on, they still often miss the predictions that are between 48 and 72 hours out.

Bob

== 13 of 14 ==
Date: Tues, Mar 11 2008 4:09 pm
From: DON BERTOLETTE

Bob-
While I don't think I've gotten to the point that I'm cynical, to borrow a phrase, I think I am agnostic on the issue...I don't immediately bow to the GOD of Global Warming, but I do realize that current trends are running outside of the historical range of climate variable variations.
Was an ice age/global climate change already coming from long past perturbations not caused by man? I can't realistically deny that, our historical recorded range is really short compared to the length of earth's climate through the eons.
Do I think that something more recent in the way of perturbations is a contributor? NO FREAKING DOUBT! Could it be some of the harbingers going back to the time of the Industrial Revolution? Seems likely to me. Is what we are doing now to the environment contributing? I don't think we know the half of it...it's my thinking that the earth's reactions to our inputs are pretty slow, and the pulse of environmental degradation that China is doling out is really going to hit us down the road some time. Decades perhaps.
Look at us Bob...neither one of us drive a car that gets 30 miles per gallon on a regular basis (I assume you're still driving a Buick). I have a hard time getting 25 out of our Subaru (we do have only one car now though). I don't think we'll have that option in the next decade or two. So we're doubters in our own way, and lives (albeit a far piece from the fella working on the North Slope driving his 4x4 Ford 350 diesel back and forth).
While politic and religion are seldom far away from this forum, I have to say that the Democratic Party candidates are staying pretty mum on environmental topics...they're the worst 'doubters' because they hold the future in their money-grubbing hands (by the way, I'm registered Non-Partisan in Alaska, and am volunteering as a poll worker). I hope that it's a sensitivity to the hands that feed you election year politics, that changes back to a Kyoto Protocol or BETTER! And the elimination of the Mining laws that were established in the 19th century to boost our country's expansion, and replacement with enforced requirements to set aside enough money to reclaim/revegetate/reforest/restore the environment that they degraded. And the same for ALL commodity extraction activities, whether it's timber, grasslands, minerals, fisheries (especially fisheries, this resource depletion I predict will have the greatest impact on mankind), water, or what have you.

Let's see, what was your question again? ;>}
-Don

==============================================================================
TOPIC: Liriodendron phenology/Project Budburst
http://groups.google.com/group/entstrees/browse_thread/thread/dd47d15fb99fb7b4?hl=en
==============================================================================

== 1 of 1 ==
Date: Tues, Mar 11 2008 3:04 pm
From: Elisa Campbell

Gary,
I didn't "sign on" to this project, but when I noticed a large Tulip
poplar bursting out in Amherst and hadn't seen anyone else from Amherst
sending in data (as far as I know), I thought I'd at least tell you that
two L. in Amherst are opening their buds. I took the attached photos in
mid-day on March 11; I doubt this was either tree's first bud. Of course
both are planted trees, not wild.

the first picture is of a tree on North East Street; it's on the east
side of an old house, with lots of light from both east and south.
the second picture is of a tree in the center of Amherst, in front of
the Lord Jeffrey Inn, on the town common. It's on the west side of the
Inn, but I doubt the Inn is tall enough to interfere with it getting
sunlight.

I have higher resolution pictures of both trees, and some more closeups
of branches on the tree at the Lord Jeff, if you want them.

Elisa

ps - You aren't collecting data on them, I know, but the Black Birches
are in bloom.

== 2 of 2 ==
Date: Tues, Mar 11 2008 8:06 pm
From: James Parton

Gary,

Yes, I have noticed that they usually bloom 4 or 5 weeks after leaf
out. Last year we had a cold spell here in WNC that killed most of the
blooms.

JP

== 2 of 2 ==
Date: Tues, Mar 11 2008 7:41 pm
From: "Gary A. Beluzo"

Elisa,

Are you sure you aren't looking at the dried samara capsules from last
season?

Gary

Gary A. Beluzo
Professor of Environmental Science
Division of Science, Engineering, and Mathematics
Holyoke Community College
303 Homestead Avenue
Holyoke, MA 01040

==============================================================================
TOPIC: yellow poplar bud break
http://groups.google.com/group/entstrees/browse_thread/thread/2abf1570e502293d?hl=en
==============================================================================

== 1 of 1 ==
Date: Wed, Mar 19 2008 5:27 am
From: ForestRuss@aol.com

Gary:

It has been fairly decent in central WV the past couple of days and this
morning the temperatures are in the 50s. In the past 12 hours yellow poplar
leaves have finally broken their buds. Just two days ago they were barely
swelled past what they were all winter but overnight the buds broke and the very
beginning of a little green is visible. I have been in the woods everyday for
the past several weeks and have been keeping a very close eye on the yellow
poplar...it is incredible how fast it took place.

A week ago the buds on the shagbark hickory started to swell and they
doubled their size in less than two days. There is still no evidence of ramps
emerging yet and most exposed multifloral rose bushes have leaves about 1/8 inch
long.

Russ

== 2 of 2 ==
Date: Wed, Mar 19 2008 12:50 pm
From: Kirk Johnson

http://www.usatoday.com/tech/science/environment/2008-03-19-warming-spring_N.htm

USA Today
Wednesday, March 19, 2008

Spring keeps coming earlier for birds, bees, trees

By Seth Borenstein, AP Science Writer

WASHINGTON ‹ The capital's famous cherry trees are primed to burst out in a
perfect pink peak about the end of this month. Thirty years ago, the trees
usually waited to bloom till around April 5.

In central California, the first of the field skipper sachem, a drab little
butterfly, was fluttering about on March 12. Just 25 years ago, that
creature predictably emerged there anywhere from mid-April to mid-May.

[More at the above link.]

==============================================================================
TOPIC: yellow poplar bud break
http://groups.google.com/group/entstrees/browse_thread/thread/2abf1570e502293d?hl=en
==============================================================================

== 1 of 4 ==
Date: Thurs, Mar 20 2008 5:22 am
From: ForestRuss@aol.com

Gary:

The yellow poplar I have been watching must be the only tree in central WV
that has started to bud out and it must be related to very localized
environmental factors. I had to travel a couple hundred miles yesterday to an area
near New River Gorge NP and there wasn't a sign of yellow poplar buds opening.
When it starts to look a little more definite and widespread I'll send an
update. The ramps, black Cohosh and blue Cohosh have yet to start showing
growth.

Russ

== 2 of 4 ==
Date: Thurs, Mar 20 2008 5:55 am
From: "Gary A. Beluzo"

Thanks Russ, much appreciate the update. Are any low elevation tulip
poplars in your area leafing out Will?

Gary

Gary A. Beluzo
Professor of Environmental Science
Division of Science, Engineering, and Mathematics
Holyoke Community College
303 Homestead Avenue
Holyoke, MA 01040

== 3 of 4 ==
Date: Thurs, Mar 20 2008 5:59 am
From: "Gary A. Beluzo"

Carolyn,

Seems early for tulip trees to be budding out in your early. Do you
have any images of the buds?
Thank you for the report.

Gary

Gary A. Beluzo

== 4 of 4 ==
Date: Thurs, Mar 20 2008 7:21 pm
From: Larry

Gary, The Tulip Trees are in full leaf this week. Watching for that
first flower! Larry

== 2 of 3 ==
Date: Thurs, Mar 20 2008 7:45 pm
From: "Gary A. Beluzo"

Beth, Larry, et al,

I love these reports from different areas of the country, if you folks
could put your location in parentheses that would be helpful.

Ed, do we have a directory somewhere of our ENTS folks, where we live,
what we do, etc? That would be REALLY helpful.

Gary

== 3 of 3 ==
Date: Thurs, Mar 20 2008 7:50 pm
From: Beth Koebel

Gary,

I'm sorry the tulip tree that I mentioned is at N38
14.036 and W89 28.741 in the western edge of Pilot
Knob Township, Washington County, Illinois. The next
time I am down there I will also get the alitude
although I am guessing it would be about 500ft.

Beth

== 3 of 4 ==
Date: Thurs, Mar 20 2008 8:03 pm
From: "Edward Frank"

Gary,

We do not. I have encouraged people to submit a bio note for the website, and to fill out their membership information on the Google Groups form, but few people have done it. I got a couple more people to respond with my last request a couple days ago. Of the 189 people listed in the group, I only know where less than half of theme are from.

Ed

==============================================================================
TOPIC: Tulip Tree update
http://groups.google.com/group/entstrees/browse_thread/thread/b0a6aed967f07560?hl=en
==============================================================================

== 1 of 2 ==
Date: Fri, Mar 21 2008 6:18 am
From: "William Morse"

We just got some more snow here in western NY.....If anyone is
interested in extending their phenology reports to Ralph Tiner at the
USFWS, he is compiling observations on start and finish of the
"growing season" from across the country. Growing season is used in
wetland delineation to indicate the time of year when inundation and
soil saturation have a critical effect on plants. Visible signs of
the beginning of the growing season include bud break, greening up of
vegetation (e.g., leaf or shoot emergence, leaf-out, and greening of
evergreen leaves that were reddish in winter like cranberry,
leatherleaf, and dewberries), first bloom, and opening of catkins.
Signs of the end of the growing season include leaf drop in the fall
and herbaceous plant die-back due to killing frost. Some plants
flower (e.g., witch hazel asters, and goldenrods) or produce spores
(e.g., clubmosses) in late fall and these observations are also
requested. Observations on all plants, not just trees, are wanted.

If you would like to participate please send your observations to:
Ralph_Tiner@fws.gov. Please put "Growing Season Observations for
_______ (specify area)" in the email subject block and for each
observation, list the species, the observed feature, the observation
date, general habitat (wetland or upland type), and site location
(town, county, state). Your name and affiliation would also be
appreciated for acknowledgment of contributors. This is planned as a
multi-year investigation, so for regions where the growing season is
year-round or has already commenced, fall observations would be
welcomed this year and observations of both spring and fall reported
for future years.

Thanks to all who are willing to help! Best regards, Travis Morse

== 2 of 2 ==
Date: Fri, Mar 21 2008 5:25 pm
From: Randy Brown

Our silver maples started to bloom this tuesday. Haven't noticed the
elms one way or another but they usually bloom about the same time.

Columbus, Ohio

==============================================================================
TOPIC: yellow poplar bud break
http://groups.google.com/group/entstrees/browse_thread/thread/2abf1570e502293d?hl=en
==============================================================================

== 1 of 1 ==
Date: Sun, Mar 23 2008 5:43 pm
From: Carolyn Summers

Hi Gary,

I tried to take pix a couple days ago, but it was too windy. Today, I might
have had better luck; we?ll see when I download. There are not many buds
that have the break I observed, most are still shut tight, but one bud today
has actually flared out on both sides, not just the little crack I observed
earlier. Let?s hope my pix come out. It is hard to describe these
observations. Who was it said, ?one picture is worth a thousand
observations...??
--
Carolyn Summers
63 Ferndale Drive
Hastings-on-Hudson, NY 10706

==============================================================================
TOPIC: Tuliptree in Asheville
http://groups.google.com/group/entstrees/browse_thread/thread/a6ff17abdae7062e?hl=en
==============================================================================

== 1 of 2 ==
Date: Mon, Mar 31 2008 2:30 pm
From: "Will Blozan"

Gary

Saw first sign of leaves today at 2200'

Will

== 2 of 2 ==
Date: Mon, Mar 31 2008 4:55 pm
From: "Gary A. Beluzo"

Thanks Will! How large were the leaves? Will these trees typically
flower in about 3-4 weeks?

I will add this to the database...ppppleease keep those numbers
coming. I am into phenology the way some of you are into
dendromorphometry!
Any pics???

This is exciting, can't wait to leave in 2.5 weeks for my annual trek
south. Details regarding the meeting(s) of ENTS?

In Ecological Space and Evolutionary Time,

Gary

Gary A. Beluzo
Professor of Environmental Science
Division of Science, Engineering, and Mathematics

==============================================================================
TOPIC: Tuliptree in Asheville
http://groups.google.com/group/entstrees/browse_thread/thread/a6ff17abdae7062e?hl=en
==============================================================================

== 1 of 2 ==
Date: Mon, Mar 31 2008 5:08 pm
From: "Will Blozan"

Gary,

They were visible from the highway; 1/2 inch or so. Some have not broken bud
yet. I will post soon about the ENTS meeting.

Will

== 2 of 2 ==
Date: Mon, Mar 31 2008 8:43 pm
From: James Parton

Will,

Me too. A poplar near Dana Methodist is putting out leaves.

JP

==============================================================================
TOPIC: Spring Flowers
http://groups.google.com/group/entstrees/browse_thread/thread/9694df855527359d?hl=en
==============================================================================

== 1 of 5 ==
Date: Mon, Mar 31 2008 5:45 pm
From: Larry

Gary, I live in extreme south Ms. Today I noticed the Tulip Tree
I've been watching had some flowers on it! The tree is located in
Ocean Springs, Ms. They possibly opened yesterday, or a day earlier.
I'll post a photo tomorrow at my work computer. Larry

== 2 of 5 ==
Date: Mon, Mar 31 2008 6:13 pm
From: "Gary A. Beluzo"

Thanks Larry! So did trees in your area leaf out about 1 month ago?

Gary

== 3 of 5 ==
Date: Mon, Mar 31 2008 6:17 pm
From: Larry

Gary, 3 weeks ago I think, maybe 4. I posted about it, I'll go back
and check. Larry

==============================================================================
TOPIC: Tulip Tree Flowers
http://groups.google.com/group/entstrees/browse_thread/thread/7ce0fa87ed3bd84a?hl=en
==============================================================================

== 1 of 7 ==
Date: Mon, Mar 31 2008 6:07 pm
From: Larry

Gary, ENTS, The tree I've been watching for the past few weeks had
flowers on it when I passed it today! I parked my truck and walked
over to it for a photo. It possibly flowered yesterday or a day
earlier, March 29 or 30th. Located in Ocean Springs, Ms. 30.4 N 88.8
W. Growing adjacent to a small bayou about 1-2' elevation. During
Hurricane Katrina that tree had about 3-5' of saltwater, with no
effect. Due to its location at the head of the bayou growing near a
marshy enviorment the tree has been flooded numerous times, so its
well adated to saltwater intrusion. I noticed a tall Black Willow
nearby, I'll go back and measure it and the Flowering tree. There are
several Tulips, Cypress, Willow and Oak in this small patch of woods
right next to a 3 way road. I'd guess these trees are 50-75 years
old. Larry

== 2 of 7 ==
Date: Mon, Mar 31 2008 6:24 pm
From: "Gary A. Beluzo"

Larry,

There are at least three subspecies (ecotypes) for Liriodendron. The
most common is the Northern subspecies which extends from MA down into
the Smokies. The second is the subspecies that grows in FLA. It is
genetically distinct from the northern subspecies. The third is
thought to be a hybridized subspecies that lives along the coast of GA/
SC/NC and perhaps at the southern extent of the southern Applachians.
I wonder if the trees you are referring to are the hybridized
subspecies or the distinct FLA one. The fact that it wasn't affected
by the 2-3 feet of saltwater and it grows near the coast makes me
think it is one of the two. Can you take a few shots of leaf
morphometry? How tall do they get there? How close to coastline do
they grow?

Will, have you noticed whether or not the FLA trees have the same
basic tree geometry as the ones in the Smokies? Leaf size and shape?

Thanks.

Gary

Gary A. Beluzo
Professor of Environmental Science

== 4 of 7 ==
Date: Mon, Mar 31 2008 6:37 pm
From: Larry

Gary, I'll measure them and get some photos, my height guess is
around 60-70'. They grow about a mile and one-half from the coastline
near a marsh across from a Peninsula(sp.) of mostly pine. They are the
same Tulips that grew on my inland property 35 miles from the
coastline.

Larry

== 7 of 7 ==
Date: Mon, Mar 31 2008 8:51 pm
From: James Parton

Gary,

I am sure the three subspecies look similar. But what differences in
appearance do they have?

JP

==============================================================================
TOPIC: Tulip Poplar
http://groups.google.com/group/entstrees/browse_thread/thread/33bf32b19cd81701?hl=en
==============================================================================

== 1 of 1 ==
Date: Sat, May 10 2008 8:10 am
From: James Parton

ENTS,

The tulip poplar is blooming here in Dana NC at 2130ft above sea
level.

James Parton

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